Radiological apparatus



Aug. 19, 1924. l,5o5,463

v F. HOLWECK RADlOLOGI CAL APPARATUS Filed Nov. 18, 1922 lll/Ven raf;

FWS

Patented Aug. 19, 1924.

UNITED srAxrEsy PRRNAND IIoLWEcK, or; PARIs, FRANCE,

PANY LIMITED, or LoNDoN,

ASSIGNOR T MULLARD RADIO VALVE COM- ENGLAND, .A BRITISH COMPANY.

RADIoLoGIeAL APPARATUS.

Application led November 1B, 1922. Serial No. 601,791.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERNAND I-IoLWnox, a citizen of the French Republic, residing in Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiological Apparatus (for which I have filed an application in France on November 15, 1921, application No. P. V. 151,895), of which the following is a specification.

All the existing types of apparatus for producing X-rays and like radiations con sist of two principal parts connected by means of conductors passing generally through the surrounding air; for example, l5 a high tension transformer and an X-ray tube when it is desired t'o increase (as is important in X-ray work) the power of the installation and particularly the difference of potential at the terminals of the glass tube, grave difficulties are encountered. It is necessary to separate by a considerable distance the high tension leads in order to prevent spark discharge, but brush ,discharge` loss and danger are not avoided; X-ray tubes, which are costly, are always4 made of glass, and must be very long and must be immersed in oil, but even this frequently does not prevent them being pierced by sparks; once damaged, they can only be repaired by the maker. The localizing of the active beamvor pencil, Without the production of secondary rays, becomes very diiiicult on account of the' large volume which the localizer takes because it ought not to be` removed from the tube. Finally, it is impossible to dissipate the large heat losses fromthe interior of a glass tube.

The apparatus which is the subject of this invention and of which one method of construction is shown in the accompanying drawing by way of example, is a remedy for the above defects by means of the following arrangements i The high voltage transformer 1, with closed or open magnetic circuit, is placed in a metallic chamber, or covered by means of a conducting envelope 2, filled with a dielectric other than air, as for example oil. This transformer has one of lits terminals 3 connected to the chambei` and to earth 4. The other eid 5 of the hi h tension winding enters a metallic tube'7 fastened to the chamber and filled with a dielectric other than air. The X-ray tube 8 is entirely metallic and is an extension of the tube 7, be-

ing at the same time united electrically with it, that is to say, with the chamber, the earth and one of the terminals of the transformer. The anticathode 9 can be cooled by means of the circulation of water or any other fluid, which can also be used to cool the body 8 of the tube. The vacuum is produced in the ray-generator through the tube 10, by means of a pump which for example may operate during the whole time of use of the apparatus. The insulation of the electrode 5, 6, on which the electrical tension is very high, between the transormer chamber filled with oil and the rayproducing-tube, evacuated of air, can be of glass or other insulating material.

The gaskets 12, and 13, between this insulating piece 11, the electrode 5 on one hand and the tube 14 on the other hand can be of the type of those shown in my French Patent No. 137,949 applied for 11th Februarv1921.

The tube 8 in which the rays' are produced is constructed with walls sufficiently thick in order tov completely absorb the rays except in one part where a thinwindow may be arranged. This Window 15 may be 'for example of aluminum. A. gasket 16 `can be arranged in order to permit of the orientation of the beam of rays by rotation of the cylinder 8 around its axis and a gasket 17 can be provided in order to permit of easily dismantling the tube and for example, replacement of the electrodes 6 and'9.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. An apparatus for radiology, the cornbination of a high Atension transformer, an electrically conducting container other than' air, an electric connection between one secondary terminal of the transformer and the container, and a vacuum' tube mounted on the outside of the container comprising a metallicenvelope constructed of separable parts electrically connected to the container and a cathode electrically connected to the other escondary terminal of said transformer through a part of the wall of the tube which is in direct contact with the dielectric in the container.

2. In apparatus for radiology, the combination of a high tension transformer, an electrically conducting container wherein the transformer is immersed ,in a dielectric wherein( the transformer 1s 1mmersed 1n a dielectric other than air, an electric connection berect contact with the dielectric in the con- 10 tween one high tension terminal of the tainer, one of which parts of said envelope transformer and the container, and a vachas a window :for the passage of a beam of uum tube mounted on the outside of the rays, which window part is so mounted as container comprising a metallic envelope to permit of rotating the windowhabout the connected to the container and da cathode longitudinal axis of the tube while the 15 electrically connected to the other high tenransformer container remains stationary.

sion terminal of said transformer through a In testimony .whereof I aiiix my si ature.

part of the wall of the tube which is in dii' FERNAND HOL GK. 

